Which of the following is an example of outcome data?

Outcome data refers to information that reflects the results of healthcare interventions or the progression of a disease over time, specifically concerning patient survival, quality of life, or disease recurrence. The date of last contact or death is a prime example of outcome data as it provides essential information on the patient's status regarding survival or mortality, which is crucial for assessing treatment effectiveness and overall patient outcomes.

In contrast, the date of initial diagnosis, grade of the tumor, and site-specific data items are components of clinical data that mainly describe the disease characteristics and staging at a specific point in time rather than the outcomes or results of those diagnoses over time. These types of data are essential for understanding the clinical aspects of a patient's cancer journey but do not directly indicate the patient's health outcomes or survival metrics, which are the critical elements captured by outcome data.