What type of transplant involves cells sourced from the recipient's own body?

The correct choice refers to a transplant procedure where the cells are sourced from the recipient’s own body. This is known as an autologous transplant. In this process, stem cells or other tissues are collected from the individual prior to treatment and are then reinfused or re-implanted after undergoing a therapeutic regimen, such as chemotherapy or radiation. This method is particularly beneficial as it reduces the risk of rejection since the cells are genetically identical to the recipient.

In contrast, an allogeneic transplant involves cells from a donor who is genetically different from the recipient, which can increase the risk of complications such as graft-versus-host disease. A syngeneic transplant is a type of allogeneic transplant where the donor is an identical twin, which minimizes the risk of rejection but still relies on cells from another individual. Cord blood transplants use stem cells sourced from umbilical cord blood of newborns, which are not from the recipient's own body. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why autologous transplants are unique in utilizing the recipient's own cells for the procedure, bolstering the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.